Name/ Generic Names

1 x 1 & EPI?

Max Dose

Contrain-dications

Onset & Duration

P. Class

Metabolism & Excretion

F.Y.I.

Lidocaine (amide) *Xylocaine, Alphacaine, Octocaine

2% plain 1:50,000  1:100,000 1:200,000  20 x 1.8 = 36mg

Max Dose: 300mg  300/36mg

= 8 cartirdges

 

= 288mg

 

Duration 2% w/out Epi.: 5-10 min pulpal 60-129 min soft tissue  2% Epi. 1:100,000 60 mini. Pulpal 3-5 hours soft tissue

B

Metabolized: liver

 

 

Excreted:

Kidneys

Gold Standard

Mepivicaine (amide) *Prolocaine, Carbocaine, Isocaine, Scandonest

2% w/ Epi

3% w/out Epi

 

30 x 1.8 = 54 mg

Max Dose: 300mg

300/54mg =

5.5 cartidges

= 297 mg anest.

 

Duration:

Mepivicaine 3% no Epi

20 min. infilt. Pulpal

40 min. block Pulpal

2-3 hr soft tissue

C

Metabolized: liver

 

 

Excreted:

Kidneys

Slight vasodialation, requires less vasoconstr.  *3% Mep. w/out Epi. Recomm. For patients who can’t have vasocon.

Prilocaine (amide) *Citanest

4%

1:200,000

 

40 x 1.8 = 72mg

Max Dose: 400mg

400/72mg =

5.5 cartidges

= 396 mg anest.

Methemoglobinemia

Sickle Cell

Cardiac/Resp. disease w/ hypoxia

Duration:

Prilocaine 4%

1:200,000

10 min infilt. Pulpal

60min. block pulpal

90-120 min infil s.tissue

2-4 hours block s. tissue

B Safest to use

Metabolized: liver

Kidney

Lung

 

 

 

Excreted:

Kidneys

*Vasodilation more than Mep, less than Lidocaine.

*Safest of all amides!!

Articaine (amide) *Septocaine

4%

1:100,000

1:200,000

 

40 x 1.7 = 68 mg

Max Dose: 500mg

500/68mg =

7.3 cartidges

= 496 mg anest.

Methemoglobinemia

Cardiac/ Resp. Failure

Anemia

Duration:

Articaine 4% 1:100,000

60-75 min pulpal

3-6 hours soft tissue

Articaine 4% 1:200,000

45-60 min pulpal

2-5 hrs soft tissue

C

Metabolized: liver

Plasma

 

 

Excreted:

Kidneys

*Has 1.7ml in cartridge instead of 1.8ml

Bupivacaine (amide)  *Marcaine

.5%

1:200,000

 

5 x 1.8 = 9mg

Max Dose: 90mg

90mg/9 = 10 cartridges.

Don’t use:

1.    Kids

2.    Disabled

3.    Geriatrics

*Duration:

Pupivicaine 0.05%

1:200,000

90-180 min pulpal

4-9 + hrs soft tissue

C

Metabolized: liver

 

 

Excreted:

Kidneys

 

 

*Cardiac Dose = 0.04 mg epi                                                   Pediatric Dose = Adult Dose x Child’s Weight (lbs) / 150 lbs

1 cartridge 1:50,000

2 cartridge 1:100,000

4 cartridge 1:200,000