Keep up with your time when you start the exam and finish. Take the total minutes it took you to complete the exam and divide it by 100. This is your average time it took you to answer each question. Then multiply that "average" by 150 and that is around how long it would have taken you to complete the AM portion of the board!
The mesiobuccal cusp of the mandibular third molar occludes with which maxillary tooth surfaces?
The mesial marginal ridge of the third molar and distal marginal ridge of the second molar
The distal marginal ridge of the third molar and mesial marginal ridge of the second molar
The mesial marginal ridge of the third molar only
The central fossa of the maxillary third molar
In the primary mandibular first molar, the most noticeable cusps are:
MB and DB
MB and ML
DB and DL
MB and DL
The premolar most likely to have a three-cusped appearance when viewed from the occlusal is the:
maxillary first
maxillary second
mandibular first
mandibular second
Which of the premolars is most likely to have a pronounced mesial marginal groove extending into a pronounced mesial root concavity?
Maxillary first
Maxillary second
Mandibular first
Mandibular second
At age 6 1/2, an average child is MOST likely to have how many erupted permanent teeth? (Assume that you average the teeth present in a sample of 100 children).
4-8
9-12
13-16
17-20
21-24
The major function of contact points in the dentition is to:
protect the incisal surface
protect the periodontium
protect the alveolar mucosa
protect restorations from poor retention
none of the above
The maxillary canine has:
a mesial marginal ridge only
a distal marginal ridge only
neither a mesial nor distal marginal ridge
both a mesial and distal marginal ridge
The premolar which is most often double rooted is the:
maxillary first
maxillary second
mandibular first
mandibular second
The most common number of mammelons on an incisor is:
1
2
3
4
As you go from mandibular first to second to third molars, overall root length:
increases, then decreases
increases
decreases
decreases, then increases
Which characteristic is NOT typical of lining mucosa?
Nonkeratinized
Lines the surface of the hard palate
Freely moveable
Contains a well developed submucosa
Epithelium thin
The tissue located between the inner and outer enamel epithelium is known as:
stellate reticulum
dental sac
dental papilla
enamel organ
The mucosa found on the surface of the dorsum of the tongue is known as:
lining mucosa
masticatory mucosa
specialized mucosa
none of the above
The mesiobuccal cusp of the mandibular first molar occludes with which maxillary tooth surfaces?
The mesial marginal ridge of the first molar and distal marginal ridge of the second premolar
The distal marginal ridge of the first molar and mesial marginal ridge of the second molar
The embrasure between the first and second molars
The distal triangular fossa of the first molar
Which is the most common supernumerary tooth?
Mesiodens
Second lateral incisor
Third mandibular
Fourth maxillary molar
The crowns of the incisors when viewed from the incisal
are wider mesiodistally than buccolingually in both arches
are wider buccolingually than mesiodistally in both arches
are wider mesiodistally in the maxilla, and wider buccolingually in the mandible
are wider mesiodistally in the mandible and wider mesiodistally in the maxilla
The largest root of the maxillary first molar is the:
mesiobuccal
distobuccal
palatal
varies depending on the individual tooth
Which is the first primary tooth to erupt?
Mandibular central
Mandibular lateral
Maxillary central
Maxillary lateral
Which mineral listed below is important in the formation of hemoglobin?
Sodium
Potassium
Iron
Magnesium
Iron is almost entirely absorbed in the:
Stomach
Kidneys
Small intestine
Lungs
Sucrose, lactose and maltose are common:
Monosaccharides
DIsaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides
All of the following are reducing sugars, except:
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
Glucose
Simple sugars are also called:
Monosoccharides
Disaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides
A major role of proteins is to serve as:
Fatty acids
Ketone bodies
Enzymes
Bile salts
All of the following are factors that decrease insulin secretion, except:
Decrease in blood glucose level
Secretion of somatostatin
Secretion of glucagon
Secretion of either epinephrine or norepinephrine
How does the distoincisal angle of most anterior teeth compare to the mesioincisal angle?
It is straighter
It is more rounded
There is no difference
Which teeth listed below are the only ones that have labial ridges?
Centrals
Laterals
Canines
Molars
Which cusp ridge listed below is the longest on the permanent canines?
Labial
Lingual
Mesial
Distal
When do mandibular canines erupt?
5-6 months
6-8 months
9-10 months
11-12 months
When do maxillary canines erupt?
5-6 months
6-8 months
9-10 months
11-12 months
The permanent mandibular lateral incisor typically erupts around what age?
5 years old
7 years old
10 years old
12 years old
A child is 19 months old. How many teeth will they have?
4
8
12
16
20
A child is 11 months old. How many teeth will they have?
4
8
12
16
20
A child is 7 months old. How many teeth will they have?
4
8
12
16
20
A child is 23 months old. How many teeth will they have?
4
8
12
16
20
The primary central incisors are usually exfoliated between what age?
6-8 years old
7-9 years old
9-10 years old
10-12 years old
The primary laterals are usually exfoliated between what age?
6-8 years old
7-9 years old
9-10 years old
10-12 years old
The primary first molars are usually exfoliated between what age?
6-8 years old
7-9 years old
9-10 years old
10-12 years old
The primary second molars are usually exfoliated between what age?
6-8 years old
7-9 years old
9-10 years old
10-12 years old
The primary canines are usually exfoliated between what age?
6-8 years old
7-9 years old
9-10 years old
10-12 years old
When viewed from the facial, all molars have their contacts where?
Middle third
Junction of occlusal and middle third
Occlusal third
When viewed from the facial, premolars have their contacts where?
Middle third
Junction of occlusal and middle third
Occlusal third
How many planes of movement can the mandible move in?
One
Two
Three
Four
Which of the following molars is the most symmetrical
Maxillary second molars
Maxillary first molar
Mandibular first molar
Mandibular second molar
The buccal and lingual cusps are almost equal on which teeth below?
Maxillary first and second premolar
Mandibular first and second premolar
Maxillary lateral and central
Mandibular third molar and left central
Which premolar listed below is usually the largest?
Maxillary first
Maxillary second
Mandibular first
Mandibular second
Which of the following is the first deciduous tooth to erupt?
Mandibular central incisor
Mandibular first molar
Maxillary central incisor
Maxillary first molar
Which teeth listed below when viewed from the facial resemble a pentagon (5-dude)
Centrals
Laterals
Canines
When do primary teeth begin to form in utero
1 week
3 weeks
6 weeks
10 weeks
The TMJ is which type of joint?
Hinge joint
Gliding (sliding) joint
Combine hinge and gliding joint
Which ridge is found only on maxillary molars?
A labial ridge
A marginal ridge
An oblique ridge
A transvers ridge
Which is bad cholesterol?
HDL
LDL
What kind of fats increase serum cholesterol levels?
Polyunsaturated
Saturated
What is chemotaxis?
A key metabolic function to all bacterial cells
The process of two bacterial cells combining to exchange genetic material
A response to a light stimulus
A response to a chemical stimulus
What correctly describes the cell membrane?
A glucolipid layer
A lipoprotein layer
A carbohydrate bilayer
A phospholipid bilayer
What process can bacterial cells undergo that allows them to pick up DNA fragments in their environment and incorporate them into their genome?
Transduction
Replication
Recombination
Transformation
Which of these organelles can be found in a bacterial cell?
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
The Gram stain is used to classify cells based on differences in their ________.
cell wall
nucleus
cell membrane
cytoplasm
Which is least likely to kill bacteria?
extreme heat
extreme cold
extreme acidity
extreme alkalinity
What kind of pain is felt in areas other than those stimulated by injury or disease?
transferred pain
transmission pain
visceral pain
referred pain
What analgesics are the most effective for the relief of moderate to severe pain?
acetaminophen
acetylsalicylic acid
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
opioids
Riboflavin is a vitamin that is also known as:
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B2
Niacin is a vitamin that is also known as:
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B3
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B2
Thiamine is a vitamin that is also known as:
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B3
Which vitamin is given to pregnant women in the first months of their pregnancy?
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B3
Niacin
Folic Acid
Lack of what vitamin causes a disease called scurvy?
B
E
C
A
Zinc is a mineral that has often been associated with better immune system performance. Which food contains zinc?
Prunes
Strawberries
Oysters
Oranges
Which vitamin is necessary so that calcium can be absorbed into the body?
Vitamin E
Niacin
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
True or false? Monosaccharides are more commonly known as complex carbohydrates.
True
False
ATP, the energy producing molecule in tissue, stands for Adenosine....
Triphosphate
Transmission Phosphate
Triple Phosphate
Triphosphorous
Which carbohydrate is found mainly in fruits and honey?
Sucrose
Galactose
Fructose
Maltose
Heating alcohol containing liquid to steam, then cooling and condensing it to make it higher in alcohol content is termed:
fermentation
distillation
evaporation
brewing
Of the following, which drug, once addicted to it; is the hardest to withdraw from?
marijuana
heroin
valium
cocaine
What is the difference between an artery and a vein?
Arteries carry blood towards the heart, veins away from the heart.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins towards the heart.
In which of these blood vessels is the blood pressure highest?
aorta
capillary beds
pulmonary artery
vena cava
The main veins contain valves to stop blood flowing backwards. How do these valves work?
They are worked by muscles in the wall of the vein.
They opened or closed by associated ligaments.
They are controlled by peristaltic waves.
They are pushed open or closed by the blood pressure.
What is coronary heart disease?
where blood is prevented from returning to the heart in the veins
where the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked
where one or more of the heart valves becomes damaged
where the muscle of the heart chambers degenerates
What is arteriosclerosis?
deposition of fatty plaques inside the artery walls
coronary heart disease
high blood cholesterol
loss of elasticity of the artery walls
Normally the veins carry low oxygenated blood from the capillaries back to the heart. What are the only veins in the human body that regularly carry highly oxygenated blood?
Inferior Vena Cava
Carotid veins
Superior Vena Cave
Pulmonary Veins
Inflammation is a complex reaction of vascularised tissue to an injurious stimulus.
True
False
Which of these is not a clinical feature of inflammation?
necrosis
pain
redness
heat
Which of these processes is not one of the cellular events involved in the inflammatory process?
Margination
Diapedesis
Selection
Rolling
Cytokines are produced by lymphocytes and platelets.
True
False
Which of the following processes is not a step in phagocytosis?
Adhesion
Engulfment
Recognition
Degradation
Which of the following is not a true inflammatory disease?
meningitis
scalpitis
appendicitis
dermatitis
Which of the following is NOT an outcome of chronic inflammation?
progressive destruction of the organ
dissemination to other organs
healing by fibrosis
complete absolution (recovery)
Which of these are the most abundant in circulation?
neutrophils
mast cells
basophils
dendritic cells
What kind of cells produce antibodies?
T cells
B cells
NK cells
Neutrophils
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the early stages of a localized inflammatory response?
increased permeability of capillaries
attack by cytotoxic T cells
release of histamine
dilation of blood vessels
The major difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity is that?
humoral immunity is nonspecific, whereas cell-mediated immunity is specific for a particular antigen
only humoral immunity is a function of lymphocytes
only humoral immunity displays immunological memory
humoral immunity acts against free-floating antigens, whereas cell-mediated immunity works against pathogens that have entered body cells
Which of the following molecules is incorrectly paired with its action?
interleukin-1-stimulates division of helper T cells
Which of the following cells is incorrectly paired with its function?
plasma cell - produces antibodies
macrophages - engulfs bacteria and viruses
helper T-cell - lyses foreign cells
cytotoxic T-cell - releases perforin that lyses infected cells
HIV compromises the immune system mainly by infecting?
cytotoxic T-cells
B cells
suppressor T cells
helper T-cells
The body produces antibodies complementary for foreign antigens. The process by which the body comes up with the correct antibodies to fight a given disease is most like which of the following?
going to a shoe store and trying on shoes until you find a pair that fits
picking the first video that you haven't already seen
going to a tailor and having a suit made to fit you
selecting a lottery winner by means of a random draw